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Transcript: Presented by PERSON for COMPANY Standard 5: The Cold WAr Era 5.1 5.1 Analyze the impact of U.S. domestic and foreign policy on Cold War events during the 1940s and 1950s and explain how these policies attempted to contain the spread of communism The Cold War's policy of the United States and its allies to prevent the spread of communism Containment Containment The United States adopted nuclear deterrence. This was the credible threat of retaliation to forestall enemy attack. Deterrence Deterrence The domino theory held that a communist victory in one nation would lead to a chain reaction of communist takeovers in neighboring states. Domino Theory Domino Theory Former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill condemns the Soviet Union's policies in Europe and declares, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent." This speech is considered one of the opening volleys announcing the beginning of the Cold War. "Iron Curtain" Speech "Iron Curtain" Speech The Truman Doctrine established that the United States would provide political, military, and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces. Truman Doctrine Truman Doctrine This plan was an American initiative to aid Western Europe. The U.S. gave over $12 billion in economic support to help rebuild Western European economics after the end of World War II. Marshall Plan Marshall Plan This was one of the first major international crisis of the Cold War. This crisis started when Soviet forces blockaded rail, road, and water access to Allied-controllled areas of Berlin. In response, the U.S. and United Kingdom airlifted food and fuel to Berlin from Allied airbases in western Germany. Berlin AIRLIFT Berlin AIRLIFT The prospect of further Communist expansion prompted the U.S. and 11 Western nations to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. This organization's purpose is to supply collective defense against aggression. North Atlantic Treaty Organization North Atlantic Treaty Organization The Warsaw Pact was created by the Soviet Union and seven of its European satellites to have a defense organization that put the Soviets in command of the armed forces of the member states. warsaw Pact warsaw Pact Chiang Kai-shek joined the Chinese Nationalist Party in 1918. Chiang's government concentrated on battling Communism within China as well as confronting Japanese aggression. Mao Zedong led communist forces in China beginning in 1927. He is considered one of the most significant communist figures of the Cold War. China (Chiang Kai-shek/Mao Zedong) China (Chiang Kai-shek/Mao Zedong) Soliders from the North Korean People's Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the north and the south. This invasion was the first military action of the Cold War. Korean War Korean War Israeli armed forced pushed into Egypt toward the Suez Canal after Egyptain president Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the canal in July of 1956, initiating the Suez Crisis. Suez Crisis Suez Crisis Sputnik is the world's first artifical satellite. The Russian word for "satellite" is Sputnik. Sputnik Sputnik This refers to the fear of communism during the opening phases of the Cold War with the Soviet Union. The Second Read Scare The Second Read Scare This is a committee of the U.S. House of Representatives that was created to investigate disloyal and subversive organizations. House Un-American Activites Committee House Un-American Activites Committee Ten members of the Hollywood film industry publicly denounced the tactics employed by the House Un-American Activites Committee during its probe of alleged communist influence in the American motion picture business. The Hollywood Ten received jail sentences and were banned from working for the major Hollywood studios. Hollywood Ten Hollywood Ten The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was a U.S. federal law that restricts the activites and power of labor unions. Taft-Hartley act of 1947 Taft-Hartley act of 1947 Truman announced his plans for domestic policy reforms including national health insurance, public housing, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education. This became known as the Fair Deal. Fair deal Fair deal McCarthyism is the practice of making accusations of subversion or treason without proper regard for evidence. McCarthyism McCarthyism Dwight D. Eisenhower ends his presidential term by warning the nation about the increasing power of the military-industrial complex. MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX 5.2 5.2 Cite evidence that links domestic events and foreign policies of the 1960s and 1970s to escalating Cold War tensions foreign policies of Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Carter foreign policies of Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, and Carter Kennedy thought Eisenhower and Secretaries Dulles and Herter had all but ceded the newly emerging states in Latin America, Asia, and Africa to the communists. The

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